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- posted on 08/16/2004
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- posted on 08/16/2004
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ɼӦߵȣӦýꡤϣ-ŵ˵ȱ˲С
- posted on 08/17/2004
л߸æҵһ鵽Ӣϣ
"One can gloss, think, study, and muse upon Renart
more than upon anything else there is."
Thus wrote the author of Renart le Contrefait more than two hundred years after the colorful, metaphoric animals of Le Roman de Renart (Renard the Fox) began to have an impact on the medieval imagination.
Approximately fifteen of the more than twenty-five tales were written between 1174 and 1205, and their enormous popularity encouraged the writing of several more through the middle of the thirteenth century. For the medieval world, Renard the Fox entertained and educated on many levels, but its influence did not end with the dawning of the Renaissance. Throughout the fifteenth, sixteenth, and seventeenth centuries, writers drew on the themes and sometimes used the stock personality traits of the animals the clever fox, the greedy wolf, the gluttonous bear to characterize human beings.
By the nineteenth century, several translations of the tales appeared in many languages, and Renard became a favorite character of children's books. Even more recently, one can see the characters from Renard the Fox in the Disney version of Robin Hood. The universality of Renard's adventures and narrow escapes has never ceased to amaze readers throughout the centuries. Just as twelfth-century audiences loved these tales for their revealing truths about the powerful members of society, today's audiences can find many parallels between the world of Renard the Fox and present-day politics.
һǴThe Cambridge History of English and American Literatureժģ ̸һLe Roman de la Roseõ崫棿ʱᵽ:
Satirical writing found a congenial soil in France, where the interminable chansons de geste required a relief. Thus were produced Le Roman de Renart and the fables bestiaires, often attributed to Ysopet, the French counterpart of Aesop. But Le Roman de la Rose stands out as the most important production of the kind and as exercising a wide-reaching influence on the literature of Europe.
ȵĶƬݡ¬ɭһҹ˾ġ ־ͽ Renart the Fox
http://www.animwatch.com/Spotlight-Renart.shtml
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