新年来了,又在忙小学里以中国年为主题的墙报,去年办得挺成功,学校比我们中国人家长们还急着要今年再续。墙报分两部分,一块是1.5x3米大,另一块1.5x2米。大的是春节的内容,小的那块用来宣扬中国人值得骄傲的部分。去年稀里哗啦放了一大堆风景照,还有很长的在中国的世界文化遗产的图文。今年打算简单列举一些中华精华。
到现在只收到这样一个单子。还不是很精确。不知咖啡同学们能否也帮帮忙?万谢在先!
Here is the WIP lists:
Facts about China
Cultural Heritage - rich , diversified and deep in philosophy
Chinese Civilization is one of the few ancient civilizations to have its individual writing script. The written history of China has dated back to more than 3000 years ago, the longest continuous civilization known to the world.
Chinese characters unified ~2200 years ago in Qing dynasty have been used until today. Some characters engraved in antique bronze wares made 3000+ years ago can still be identified by today’s Chinese children.
秦国(约2200年前)李斯制定的汉字使用至今。
今天的中国儿童可以辨认3000年前的青铜器上的一些汉字。
The Splendid China
China is a vast country, covering an area larger than the whole Europe, spanning a 6th of the worlds circumference ans 50 degrees of latidue.
China has an amazing variety of landscape, greater than that of any other country. It encompassed Everest, the world’s tallest mountain and Turfan, the lowest piece of land in the world at 505ft below sea level. It ranges from the deseart of the north-west to the tropical forests in Yunnan.
China is also rich in cultural and biological diversity. The country has huge range of habitats. There are over 400 species of mammals, and over 24,000 plant species. Over the past several centuries, thousands of Chinese horticulture trees, plants and flowers went to Europe and the rest of the world through the plant hunters to decorate the beautiful gardens and provide more healthy diet.
Among the 1.3 billions people in China, Han Chinese is the majority group. Mandarin Chinese is the official language. There are 55 official minority nationalists and 206 listed languages are mentioned.
Inventions, Science and Technolgy
The traditional Chinese calendar is lunisolar, like the Hebrew calendar but unlike the Western solar calendar or the Islamic lunar calendar. It is one of the oldest known calendar systems in the world, dating from 2600BC, when the Emperor Huang Ti introduced the first cycle of the zodiac.
It measures time based on the astronomical observations of the movement of the Sun, Moon and stars, and is highly accurate.
Chinese made a great many first-known discoveries and developments. Major technological contributions from China include early seismological detectors, matches, paper, sliding calipers, the double-action piston pump, cast iron, the iron plough, the multi-tube seed drill, the wheelbarrow, the suspension bridge, the parachute, natural gas as fuel, the magnetic compass, the raised-relief map, the propeller, the crossbow, the South Pointing Chariot, and gun powder. Other Chinese discoveries and inventions from the Medieval period, according to Joseph Needham's research, include: the paddle wheel boat, block printing and movable type, phosphorescent paint, chain drive, the escapement mechanism, and the spinning wheel.
The solid-fuel rocket was invented in China about 1150, nearly 200 years after the invention of black powder (which acted as the rocket's fuel), and 500 years after the invention of the match
Modern textile technology was invented around 1245 in Yuen Dynasty.
Acupuncture treats illnesses with inserting sharp thin needles in various pressure spots, it originated over 5000 years ago from China. Up until 19th century, Chinese herbal medicine was still wonder medicine for the American Pioneers.
宋朝的杨辉(ca.1261)发现了数学里的杨辉三角形,比欧洲人早300年(二项式展开公式;Pascal's treatise)。
明朝李时珍(1518-1593)写了人类第一部药用植物全书。
中国人在12000前开始种水稻,而欧洲的小麦只有5000年历史。
中国人至少在两万多年前就开始养狗狩猎护院。
2000多年前的汉朝李冰父子兴修的四川都江堰至今仍在使用。
Food of Chinese Origin:
Tofu (~200BC)
Ice Cream ()
Noodle
Chinese in Americas History
Chinese immigrants provided essential labor for development of the wine industry in California.
Chinese immigrants helped to build the US Pacific Railroad and Canada Central Railroad which connect the east coast to the west coast.
Chinese American farm labor was essential to the development of various crops which required special skill and care.
Sages, Eastern Wisdom
“三礼”,五常,三教
- Re: [求助]中国人的骄傲posted on 01/28/2008
冰淇淋还是中国人发明的啊,这个以前还不知道。弄一圈回来还混个洋名。
“三礼”我觉得还是不错的;
不间断的历史记载;
五常也不错啊;
好多人都说京剧也行;
皇上的老婆也应该世界第一多。
妇女小脚不行吧。:)
- Re: [求助]中国人的骄傲posted on 01/28/2008
thousands of chinese horticulture trees and flowers went to Europe through the plant hunters...
to decorate the beutiful Gardens.
hundreds of different beans & vegetables & food will provide health to the fat-oriented world.
should I mention Toufu?
- Re: [求助]中国人的骄傲posted on 01/28/2008
谢谢,青冈,xw! - Re: [求助]中国人的骄傲posted on 01/28/2008
xw wrote:
thousands of chinese horticulture trees and flowers went to Europe through the plant hunters...
is there a time period? that can be mentioned?
should I mention Toufu?yes, please. Tofu is a popular food now.
- Re: [求助]中国人的骄傲posted on 01/28/2008
Plant hunting should be started from 16 century. From China, it's much later, 18 century to now.
Now they are hunting Ferns & Orchids.
- Re: [求助]中国人的骄傲posted on 01/28/2008
这个吗,数不胜数。
美国加州的葡萄园是华人最先引进的。
横贯美国的第一条铁路是华工建造的。
阿斯匹林最初是中药里提取的。
驻军全世界的美军用的抗疟疾药(青蒿素)是中医发明的。
钱币在中国使用最早。
银行支票在中国使用最早。
英国的文官制度是根据中国的科举制度设立的。
等等等等
- Re: [求助]中国人的骄傲posted on 01/28/2008
谢谢八十一子。不知英文怎么说才对。
八十一子 wrote:
这个吗,数不胜数。
美国加州的葡萄园是华人最先引进的。
横贯美国的第一条铁路是华工建造的。
阿斯匹林最初是中药里提取的。
驻军全世界的美军用的抗疟疾药(青蒿素)是中医发明的。
钱币在中国使用最早。
银行支票在中国使用最早。
英国的文官制度是根据中国的科举制度设立的。
等等等等
- Re: [求助]中国人的骄傲posted on 01/28/2008
如果提了武术、书法、中医,那京剧也应提到。提国粹一般总要提这四件。但也许被归到文化遗产了。 - Re: [求助]中国人的骄傲posted on 01/28/2008
Dont worry about the language. Make your list first and I am sure Professor Shang Neng Fan will roll up his sleeves.
rzp wrote:
不知英文怎么说才对。
- posted on 01/29/2008
既然是给小学生的,那再列几条。您得自己把时间理顺。:-)
古代中国人发现了气候变化的二十四节气(也就是太阳的回归现象),用以指导农业。
汉朝张衡(78-139)把太阳运行轨道变化(季节变化)精确计算到小时。(顺便说,中国的历法不是月亮历,而是太阳月亮混合历。)
南北朝的祖冲之(429-500)发明了第一个地动仪测量地震。
宋朝的杨辉(ca.1261)发现了数学里的杨辉三角形,比欧洲人早300年(二项式展开公式;Pascal's treatise)。
元朝黄道婆(1245-?)发明了现代纺织技术。
明朝李时珍(1518-1593)写了人类第一部药用植物全书。
中国人在12000前开始种水稻,而欧洲的小麦只有5000年历史。
中国人至少在两万多年前就开始养狗狩猎护院。
2000多年前的汉朝李冰父子兴修的四川都江堰水利枢纽工程至今仍在使用。
今天的中国儿童可以辨认3000年前的青铜器上的一些汉字。
秦国(约2200年前)李斯制定的汉字使用至今。
想起来再续。
- Re: [求助]中国人的骄傲posted on 01/29/2008
Shangnengfan brother: Please make the above list readable by the poor English-speaking people. - Re: [求助]中国人的骄傲posted on 01/29/2008
many thanks!! I am doing my homework to put them together. When I am done, will hand in for professors here.
八十一子 wrote:
既然是给小学生的,那再列几条。您得自己把时间理顺。:-)
- posted on 01/29/2008
这线好,好多我都不知道。
rzp,即使是给小学生,线条可以粗一点,但若不是太肯定的,特别是第一首先一类的,用前查一下reference最好。还有有些发明第一个发明的不一定就是对后世影响最大的。
下面这几个我有点怀疑——
They are also credited with having invented the wheel and the first calender.
轮子记得是美索不达米亚的最早,至少也是没定论。
Marco Polo took the recipe of Ice Cream and Noodles back with him to Europe.
冰激凌不知道,面条则肯定是legend,因为早在马可波罗之前中东就有了(当然也有可能是从中国过去的)。
钱币在中国使用最早。
银行支票在中国使用最早。
记得coins是吕底亚的最早,或者有争论。纸币上好像没有争论是中国的最早:北宋的交子,还是那个就是支票?
- Re: [求助]中国人的骄傲posted on 01/29/2008
明朝汤显祖(1550-1611)写了多部戏剧。汤显祖与莎士比亚(1564-1616)同期。
rzp wrote:
many thanks!! I am doing my homework to put them together. When I am done, will hand in for professors here.
- Re: [求助]中国人的骄傲posted on 01/29/2008
明朝郑和(1371-1433)的船队远洋航行时,哥伦布(1451-1506)尚未出生。 - posted on 01/29/2008
我手上有一本书, Lost Discoveries – The ancient roots of modern science from the Babylonians to the Maya, by Dick Teresi, 其中355-367 页集中描述了中国古代的科技成就。给你抄几句,要更详细的就去图书馆借。
Besides Bacon's big three – paper and printing, the magnetic compass and gunpowder – other Chinese technolgical feats included cast iron, porcelain, sternpost rudders for ships, canal lock gates, stirrups and harnesses for horses, fishing reels, hot-air balloons, the seismograph, whiskey, gimbals, the umbrella, crank handles, kites, mechanical clocks, paper money, convertible bank notes and many agricultural innovations, such as row cultivation, the iron plow, and the seed drill. The Chinese also spun off, with glorious abandon, oddities such as the south-pointing carriage, fantastical fireworks, magic mirrors, and a rocket-propelled toy called an "earth rat".
最后总结的一段: If political changes and cultural endogeny had not stifled the ambitions of Chinese sailors, then it is likely that history's greatest imperialists would have been far easterners, not Europeans. The Chinese could have made arduous journeys around the world on any seas they wanted, had they had a reason to do so. Western European economies offered nothing China could not acquire much closer to home at much less cost.
- Re: [求助]中国人的骄傲posted on 01/29/2008
想起在这条线里:http://www.mayacafe.com/forum/topic1sp.php3?tkey=1184525625 我敲过 Summary of the Transmission of Mechanical and Other Techniques from Chine to the West。不过又看了一下,里面的metal movable type有问题,最早应是朝鲜的,还是不能全信。
茶叶原产云南
丝绸
- Re: [求助]中国人的骄傲posted on 01/29/2008
浮生 wrote:
钱币在中国使用最早。记得coins是吕底亚的最早,或者有争论。
银行支票在中国使用最早。
Lydian gold coins are probably the oldest money (ca. 650 BC), but they were used to pay for mercenary soldiers, not for daily trading. The earliest currency should be the bronze coins from the Han Dyansty (202 BC).
- Re: [求助]中国人的骄傲posted on 01/29/2008
浮生 wrote:
下面这几个我有点怀疑——
They are also credited with having invented the wheel and the first calender.轮子记得是美索不达米亚的最早,至少也是没定论。
是。轮子的发明应该归功于美索不达米亚。然后传到希腊、印度、中国。不过,独轮车应该是诸葛亮发明的(木牛流马)。:-) - Re: [求助]中国人的骄傲posted on 01/29/2008
81,
You know a lot of things. - Re: [求助]中国人的骄傲posted on 01/30/2008
Thanks. I waste a lot time on reading cafe table books. :-)
pengyou wrote:
81,
You know a lot of things. - Re: [求助]中国人的骄傲posted on 01/30/2008
再谢81er、浮生、老瓦及各位帮助。我将整理的放在第一贴,请过目和提意见。(it is a work-in-progress result)
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