有一个老外为了学好汉语,不远万里,来到中国,拜师于一位国学教授门下。
第一天老外想挑一个简单词汇学习,便向老师请教英语"I"在汉语中应该如何说。
老师解释道:中国是一个官本位国家,当你处在不同的级别、地位,"I"也有不同的变化,就象你们英语中的形容词有原级、比较级、最高级一样。
比如,你刚来中国,没有地位,对普通人可以说:我、咱、俺、余、吾、予、侬、某、咱家、洒家、俺咱、本人、个人、人家、吾侬、我侬。
如果见到老师、长辈和上级,则应该说:区区、仆、鄙、愚、走、鄙人、卑人、敝人、鄙夫、鄙躯、鄙愚、贫身、小子、小可、在下、末学、小生、不佞、不才
、不材、小材、不肖、不孝、不类、走狗、牛马走、愚小子、鄙生、贫生、学生、后学、晚生、晚学、后生晚学、予末小子、予小子、余小子。
等到你当了官以后,见到上级和皇帝,则应该说:职、卑职、下官、臣、臣子、小臣、鄙臣、愚臣、奴婢、奴才、小人、老奴、小的、小底。
见到平级,则可以说:愚兄、为兄、小弟、兄弟、愚弟、哥们。
见到下级,则可以说:爷们、老子、大老子、你老子、乃公。
如果你混得好,当上了皇帝或王爷,则可以说:朕、孤、孤王、孤家、寡人、不毂。
如果你不愿意当官,只好去当和尚、道士,应该说:贫道、小道、贫僧、贫衲、不慧、小僧、野僧、老衲、老僧。
最后一点必须注意,一旦你退休了,便一下子失去了权利和地位,见人也矮了三分,只好说:老朽、老拙、老夫、愚老、老叟、小老、小老儿、老汉、老可、老
躯、老仆、老物、朽人、老我、老骨头。
老外听了老师一席话,顿觉冷水浇头,一个晚上没有睡好觉。第二天一大早向老师辞行:学生、愚、不材、末学、走。退了房间,订了机票,回国去了。
中文真的是博大精深啊.....
- Re: ZTposted on 02/26/2009
“I”在中文里至少有38种表达法。昨天刚好跟学生们讲到此话题,“吓”得学生们不轻,不过我安慰学生们,这两年,不必担心,知道“我”就可以了,过了两年你们要是还在我班上,会要求我介绍其他表达法的。 其实这些表达法里还没有包括最新的“网路”语:偶,本侠,本主....等等呢。 - Re: ZTposted on 02/26/2009
怎么可以贴上图呀? 请七月帮忙。 我的文件是存在Word 文件上的图 - Re: ZTposted on 02/26/2009
七月好像不在,我来试试:
汐汐 wrote:
怎么可以贴上图呀? 请七月帮忙。 我的文件是存在Word 文件上的图 - Re: ZTposted on 02/26/2009
这么多“我”字,中文的。那英文的I究竟从何来?
德文的Ich(中古英语)?浮生来考证考证。 - Re: ZTposted on 02/27/2009
XW说的这个问题我也想问,而且在英语里,"I"真的没有同义词么? - posted on 02/27/2009
不用考证,wiki搬来 (it looks that fundamentally, I = ego, make sense :)):
English I originates from Old English (OE) ic. This transformation from ic to i had happened by about 1137 in Northern England. Capitalisation of the word began around 1250 to distinguish I as a distinct word. Writers of handwritten manuscripts began to use a capital I because the lower-case letter was hard to read and sometimes mistaken for part of the previous or succeeding word. This practice continued after the introduction of printing partly because it was already established and partly because it improved readability. ic in turn originated from the continuation of Proto-Germanic ik, and ek. ek was attested in the Elder Futhark inscriptions (in some cases notably showing the variant eka; see also ek erilaz). ik is assumed to have developed from the unstressed variant of ek.
Germanic cognates are: Old Frisian ik, Old Norse ek (Danish, Norwegian jeg, Swedish jag, Icelandic ég), Old High German ih (German ich) and Gothic ik.
The Proto-Germanic root came, in turn, from the Proto Indo-European language (PIE). The reconstructed PIE pronoun is *egō, egóm, with cognates including Sanskrit aham, Hittite uk, Latin ego, Greek ἐγώ egō and Old Slavonic azъ.
想起一个笑话:
Teacher: Tell me a sentence that starts with an "I".
Student: I is the...
Teacher: Stop! Never put 'is' after an "I". Always put 'am' after an "I".
Student: OK. I am the ninth letter of the alphabet.
- posted on 02/27/2009
- Re: ZTposted on 02/27/2009
rzp, 谢谢你!请指教一下好吗? - posted on 02/27/2009
浮生 wrote:
不用考证,wiki搬来 (it looks that fundamentally, I = ego, make sense :)):
English I originates from Old English (OE) ic. This transformation from ic to i had happened by about 1137 in Northern England. Capitalisation of the word began around 1250 to distinguish I as a distinct word. Writers of handwritten manuscripts began to use a capital I because the lower-case letter was hard to read and sometimes mistaken for part of the previous or succeeding word. This practice continued after the introduction of printing partly because it was already established and partly because it improved readability. ic in turn originated from the continuation of Proto-Germanic ik, and ek. ek was attested in the Elder Futhark inscriptions (in some cases notably showing the variant eka; see also ek erilaz). ik is assumed to have developed from the unstressed variant of ek.
Germanic cognates are: Old Frisian ik, Old Norse ek (Danish, Norwegian jeg, Swedish jag, Icelandic ég), Old High German ih (German ich) and Gothic ik.
The Proto-Germanic root came, in turn, from the Proto Indo-European language (PIE). The reconstructed PIE pronoun is *egō, egóm, with cognates including Sanskrit aham, Hittite uk, Latin ego, Greek ἐγώ egō and Old Slavonic azъ.
ehm, ego, make sense. a good read, even it's ZTed. I remember a Latin word called puer, boy in English. When I pronounce them quickly, I found they share the same root. Hope I am not wrong here.
想起一个笑话:
Teacher: Tell me a sentence that starts with an "I".
Student: I is the...
Teacher: Stop! Never put 'is' after an "I". Always put 'am' after an "I".
Student: OK. I am the ninth letter of the alphabet.
the joke reflects my feeling when I first read this line-title.
&
another question, why I (the letter) is pronounced as 'ai', not 'i:'?(in English) ? and there is a letter 'w', where is the name-sound come from? (univeral?)
- Re: ZTposted on 02/27/2009
汐汐 wrote:
rzp, 谢谢你!请指教一下好吗?
- Open the word document.
- double click the picture in the document, to format picture
- In "Format Picture" window , click on the rightmost tag called "Web"
- you will then get the jpg file of the picture. (I cropped off the bottom of the picture before posting.)
You can also take a snapshot of the screen to get the picture, if the resolution is good enough.
- Open the word document.
- Re: ZTposted on 02/27/2009
楼上列出了大约上百个英文 "I"的所谓 “中文翻译”。如果追溯到五万年前,大概
还能翻几番吧?能不能出示一下统计,给出这些所谓 “中文翻译”的使用率来?唉,
全盘西化N年了,还是只知道空喊民主,而不知科学。 - posted on 02/28/2009
xw wrote:
another question, why I (the letter) is pronounced as 'ai', not 'i:'?(in English) ?
Here you go. The change is due to the great vowel shift: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Vowel_Shift
Middle English [iː] diphthongised to [ɪi], which was most likely followed by [əɪ] and finally Modern English [aɪ] (as in mice).
See and hear the GVS
and there is a letter 'w', where is the name-sound come from? (univeral?)
double-u. w=vv or uu, and u=v
- posted on 02/28/2009
浮生 wrote:
xw wrote:Here you go. The change is due to the great vowel shift: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Vowel_Shift Middle English [iː] diphthongised to [ɪi], which was most likely followed by [əɪ] and finally Modern English [aɪ] (as in mice).
another question, why I (the letter) is pronounced as 'ai', not 'i:'?(in English) ?
http://alpha.furman.edu/~mmenzer/gvs/seehear.htm">See and hear the GVSand there is a letter 'w', where is the name-sound come from? (univeral?)double-u. w=vv or uu, and u=v
浮生高级!这w在意大利语中念doppia vu,好象更正宗!
The letters j (i lunga),[1] k (cappa), w (doppia vu), x (ics), and y (ipsilon/i greca), are not considered part of the standard Italian alphabet, but appear in loanwords
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italian_alphabet
补充一下。
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