汉字中的妇女歧视
廖康
“这汉字不改革,行吗!”小莉气愤地抱怨,“你看这‘妖’字,凭什么用女字旁?刚才上课,学生问我,是不是中国的妖怪都是女的?”
“消消气,小莉,”老刘给她端过一杯茶,“不就是个字吗,有什么了不起的?不是还有‘妖娆’和‘妖媚’这些好词呢吗?”
“什么?‘妖媚’是好词啊,您别气我了!女字旁的字,就没几个好的,坏字比好字多多了。不信,咱们翻翻字典。您看,奴隶男女都有,‘奴’字却是女字旁。这也太不公平了!还有‘奸’字,男人至少得负一半责任吧?却是女干!”小莉气得把字典摔在桌上,茶杯里的水都震出来了。
老刘笑了笑说:“过去男尊女卑,的确不公平。卖女为奴比卖儿子的情况多得多,‘奴’字大概就是这么来的。要说‘奸’嘛,那倒不是女干。你念反了,应该从右往左念。”
“那是你们大陆文字改革委员会的功劳,”大李讽刺道,她是从台湾来的少有的大个子,这仨人一办公室,关系挺不错,说话没遮拦,“繁体的‘姦’字根本没有男人什么事,全赖在我们女人身上了。汉字是得改革,可是也不能像你们那样改,太下流了。”
“哎,我们的简化字,多数还是挺好的啊,”一听到说大陆的坏话,小莉就不干了,“繁体字又难认,又反动,你看‘淫’字,简化了是三点水,淫雨霏霏,又形象,又不污蔑女性。繁体的‘婬’字,是女字旁吧?咱们的老祖宗,就会欺负女人。”
“你们哪,就记着自己吃亏,不念叨好事儿,”老刘慢条斯理地说:“这又不是跟丈夫吵架,应该公道点儿。我觉得咱们的老祖宗还算照顾女性,‘好’字不就是女字旁吗?”
“好不容易找到一个好字,还有一半是男子的‘子’,还公道呢!”小莉不服气。
“你怎么不说那是孩子的‘子’啊?”老刘一边在黑板上写了个‘好’字,一边辨析,“你瞧这一横,比‘女’字的横要低一些,我看更像是孩子。”
“老刘说得有道理,”大李赞同道:“男女的好事,就热火那么一阵,还是母子情深。我想,自古以来就是这样。小莉,你还年轻,结婚生子以后就知道了。”
“我才不结婚呢!男人,没一个好东西。结婚,昏了头的女人才干那傻事。哎,”小莉好像发现了新大陆,她在黑板上写了个“婚”字说:“这道理古人都总结在汉字里了,女人昏——婚。”
“你这是山寨小学,”老刘一板正经道:“汉字绝大多数都是形声字,用偏旁部首表示类别,另外一半表音。用‘昏’是取那音,不是会意。”
“别小看人啊,”小莉抗议,“咱们教的东西虽然浅,好歹也算大学老师啊。”
“老刘说的小学是指训诂学,也就是文字学,”大李解释,“不过‘婚’这个字,我看也是会意。可惜,我们都让形声给糊弄了,没有看到古人留下来的智慧。还是咱们小莉聪明,不发昏,不嫁人,不给男人当奴隶,不给人家当媳妇。”
“我才不会给人家当媳妇呢,”小莉一撇嘴,“哼,媳妇,你瞧这‘媳’字,就是整天不说话的女人。”
“我说你山寨小学嘛,”老刘逮住机会了,“要是会意,我也可以把‘媳’字解释为整天休息的女人哪。这是个形声字。”
“那繁写的‘婦’可是个会意字,”大李说:“女人一嫁过去,就得拿着笤帚,打扫庭除。更不用说‘女’字本身了,就是跪在地上,举案齐眉的形象。小莉说得对,汉字中尽是歧视妇女的东西,不改革不行。”
“让我看看,还有什么欺负女性的字,”小莉认起真来,又翻开了字典,“嚯,还真不少呢!‘妨碍’的‘妨’,‘妥协’的‘妥’,‘委屈’的‘委’,‘要东西’的‘要’,还有‘嫉妒’,都是女字旁。”
“就没有俩好字?”老刘还不服气。
“就有个‘妙’字,还算不错。”
“什么不错,”大李接过话茬,“那不是玩弄少女吗?”
“可不是嘛!”小莉愤愤道:“这个字更坏。”
“我不信就没俩好字,”老刘把字典要过去,细查女部,“这不是有个‘娴熟’的‘娴’字嘛,夸你们呢吧?”
“你怎么不提‘讨人嫌’的‘嫌’啦?”大李反唇相讥。
“查了半天,就查出一个‘娴’字,”小莉得意了,“现在您该服气了吧?”
“服气,服气,”老刘喃喃道:“长江后浪推前浪,世上新人撵旧人。我服气。”
“光抱怨可没用,”大李建议,“咱们得改这些汉字,至少可以给你们那个文字改革委员会提提建议。”
“对,”小莉附和道:“老刘,您小学知识多,您看应该怎么改?”
“改汉字,嗯,应该尽量用形声;容易认,也好记,”老刘又来神了,“比如那个‘奸’字,改成单人旁,右边用‘尖锐’的‘尖’。既形声,意思也合适;‘奸细、奸商、奸臣’,哪个不是削尖了脑袋钻营?”
“太好了!”小莉拍手雀跃。
“对,用形声,能兼顾会意更好,”大李说:“惹咱们小莉生气的‘妖’字,可以改成犬字旁。”
“嘿,真不错!”小莉欢呼,“这汉字改革不是挺容易的吗?那帮委员们整天干什么呢?这么多年了,也没见点儿动静。我也来改个字,把‘奴隶’的‘奴’改成人字旁。哦,不行,那成了‘仅’字了。”
“这‘奴’字还真不好改,”老刘笑道:“所有发nu音的字,‘努力、怒火、弩箭、驽马’都是建筑在‘奴’字上的。嗨,其实这个‘奴’字,反映了妇女受压迫的血泪历史,不改也罢。”
“知难而退,是不是?”小莉指责道:“照你这么说,那些字都不用改了。”
“看来,还不是那么容易,”大李叹了口气,“咱们还得好好研究六书。”
“六书,”小莉问:“哪六本书啊?”
“《毛选五卷》和《圣经》,”老刘一板正经地回答,冲大李挤了下眼。
2009年4月12日
- Re: 汉字中的大男子主义posted on 04/12/2009
注:
许慎《说文解字叙》把六书之名定为:指事、象形、形声、会意、转注、假借。一般都认为,六书中象形、指事、会意、形声属于造字之法,即汉字结构的条例;转注、假借则属于用字之法。 - Re: 汉字中的大男子主义posted on 04/12/2009
这些关于汉字(语)的文章真好。谢谢。 - Re: 汉字中的大男子主义posted on 04/12/2009
廖老师的这个系列又有趣又长见识。搜索了一下,男字旁的字有三个:“嬲”,有3P嫌疑;“舅”,妈妈的兄弟;“甥”,是姐妹的子女。——结论,男人离不开女人。
- Re: 汉字中的大男子主义 Chauvinism in Chineseposted on 04/12/2009
大男子主义: Male chauvinism. - Re: 汉字中的大男子主义 Chauvinism in Chineseposted on 04/12/2009
现在都简称Chauvinism了。
touche wrote:
大男子主义: Male chauvinism. - Re: 汉字中的大男子主义 Chauvinism in Chineseposted on 04/12/2009
People who can't read Chinese will think the article is about ethnocentrism in Chinese, not 汉字中的大男子主义. I guarantee. ;)
liaokang wrote:
现在都简称Chauvinism了。
touche wrote:
大男子主义: Male chauvinism. - Re: 汉字中的大男子主义 Chauvinism in Chineseposted on 04/12/2009
那就改为Sexism in Chinese吧。 - Re: 汉字中的妇女歧视 Sexism in Chineseposted on 04/13/2009
索性把中文标题也改一下。 - posted on 04/13/2009
怎么我从这些字里尽看到女性至上呢?
“好、妙”自不待言,“姓”更是明确指出人类来自何处。
“奴”用女旁,因为奴隶最初是用来服伺女人的 (slaves handle domestic labors when men go out hunting)。
“婚”字用在男人身上:男大当婚。有了女人,男人头脑再不清醒。
“嫁”字适用于女人:女大当嫁,女人有了自己的家。
“妨”——碍了女人的事,自然是罪过。
“妥”协是最明智、最有效的政治手段,男人通常做不到。
“妇”不是泛指女性,而是家里的下人,当然要拿扫帚。
“奸”字虽然指的是小聪明,但也是女人擅长。男人多愚笨,还不一定轮得上。
“嫌”字其实最妙:同时跟两个女人来往,肯定是要生出隔阂、产生矛盾地!
- Re: 汉字中的大男子主义posted on 04/13/2009
八十一子 wrote:
“奴”用女旁,因为奴隶最初是用来服伺女人的 (slaves handle domestic labors when men go out hunting)。
If you watched the HBO series Rome, you'd know how exactly the slaves were serving their mistresses. (I think even the militant feminists would have approved it. ;-))
- Re: 汉字中的大男子主义posted on 04/13/2009
tar wrote:
八十一子 wrote:If you watched the HBO series Rome, you'd know how exactly the slaves were serving their mistresses. (I think even the militant feminists would have approved it. ;-))
“奴”用女旁,因为奴隶最初是用来服伺女人的 (slaves handle domestic labors when men go out hunting)。
Care to give an example? - posted on 04/13/2009
The Romans had a very lax attitude toward sex. Many slaves were used for sexual gratification. In one episode of that show, the exchange of gifts between two noble women involves one very endowed male slave, which is in plain sight for everybody to see.
八十一子 wrote:
tar wrote:Care to give an example?
八十一子 wrote:If you watched the HBO series Rome, you'd know how exactly the slaves were serving their mistresses. (I think even the militant feminists would have approved it. ;-))
“奴”用女旁,因为奴隶最初是用来服伺女人的 (slaves handle domestic labors when men go out hunting)。
- Re: 汉字中的大男子主义posted on 04/13/2009
I thought the Romans' male slaves were castrated ... Maybe not until they realized that males also contributed to human reproduction? :-)
tar wrote:
The Romans had a very lax attitude toward sex. Many slaves were used for sexual gratification. In one episode of that show, the exchange of gifts between two noble women involves one very endowed male slave, which is in plain sight for everybody to see.
- posted on 04/13/2009
I am not well versed in Roman history. A casual google search however, didn't yield any article that describes castration of male slaves as a common practice of the time. But given that adultery and incest were synonymous to Roman decadency, it's conceivable that ladies kept slaves on the side to keep score with their husbands, who might also join in the fun in their gayest moment. After all, homosexuality was an everyday happenstance as natural as any other bodily discharging functions to them. ;-)
八十一子 wrote:
I thought the Romans' male slaves were castrated ... Maybe not until they realized that males also contributed to human reproduction? :-)
tar wrote:
The Romans had a very lax attitude toward sex. Many slaves were used for sexual gratification. In one episode of that show, the exchange of gifts between two noble women involves one very endowed male slave, which is in plain sight for everybody to see.
- posted on 04/13/2009
9494, 红颜本身没有错,只是遇到英雄,人家才变成祸水:))
八十一子 wrote:
怎么我从这些字里尽看到女性至上呢?
“好、妙”自不待言,“姓”更是明确指出人类来自何处。
“奴”用女旁,因为奴隶最初是用来服伺女人的 (slaves handle domestic labors when men go out hunting)。
“婚”字用在男人身上:男大当婚。有了女人,男人头脑再不清醒。
“嫁”字适用于女人:女大当嫁,女人有了自己的家。
“妨”——碍了女人的事,自然是罪过。
“妥”协是最明智、最有效的政治手段,男人通常做不到。
“妇”不是泛指女性,而是家里的下人,当然要拿扫帚。
“奸”字虽然指的是小聪明,但也是女人擅长。男人多愚笨,还不一定轮得上。
“嫌”字其实最妙:同时跟两个女人来往,肯定是要生出隔阂、产生矛盾地!
- Re: 汉字中的大男子主义posted on 04/13/2009
tar wrote:
The Romans had a very lax attitude toward sex. Many slaves were used for sexual gratification. In one episode of that show, the exchange of gifts between two noble women involves one very endowed male slave, which is in plain sight for everybody to see.
That's awesome. Women have no need to get jealous. Just enjoy him and pass him on. The world could be a better place :7 - Re: 汉字中的大男子主义posted on 04/13/2009
If so, there must be a large collection of willing men to to be that kind of slaves. - Re: 汉字中的妇女歧视 Sexism in Chineseposted on 04/13/2009
tinto brass 的软色情电影里不少这样的镜头。 Caligula (1980)不错的。 - posted on 04/13/2009
ben ben, I don't know. Even though the producers of the show are probably pretty progressive, they still made jealous women the driving force of the story line. ;-) There are some pretty gruesome scenes involving Octavian's mother and Brutus' mother all seeking Caesar's attention, for different reasons. (By the way, the slave gift exchange was between the two women if I am not mistaken.)
老廖,还是老当益壮?;-) Performing under pressure is pretty stressful.
Maya, are you talking about Guccione's X-rated Caligula? I like that one too.
- Re: 汉字中的大男子主义posted on 04/14/2009
Don't you think everything has been improving with age so far? - Re: 汉字中的大男子主义posted on 04/14/2009
liaokang wrote:
If so, there must be a large collection of willing men to to be that kind of slaves.
真的呀?不过willing masters可不都是长得像电影演员那样的哦 :) - Re: 汉字中的妇女歧视 Sexism in Chineseposted on 04/14/2009
我倒觉得,汉字这么多女字旁说明汉字深受母系社会的影响,凸现了女性在中国传统社会的奠基性作用,应该是大女子主义,而不是妇女歧视。
要说大男子主义,西方社会有过之而无不及,不说历史,单说文字,英文、法文里的“男人”(man,l'homme)在很多正式语境可以是“人类”“人”的通称。
汉语里的“人”只有在很少的场合里指男人,我听说在农村,人敲门问:家里有人吗?家里的女人就回答:没有,男人去地干活了。 - posted on 04/14/2009
看你怎么解释了。也可以解释为,女人不算人,或者家里没有能拿主意的人。
英语里也有很多性别歧视。女人依附男人,在各国文字中都有体现。
巴黎雪 wrote:
我倒觉得,汉字这么多女字旁说明汉字深受母系社会的影响,凸现了女性在中国传统社会的奠基性作用,应该是大女子主义,而不是妇女歧视。
要说大男子主义,西方社会有过之而无不及,不说历史,单说文字,英文、法文里的“男人”(man,l'homme)在很多正式语境可以是“人类”“人”的通称。
汉语里的“人”只有在很少的场合里指男人,我听说在农村,人敲门问:家里有人吗?家里的女人就回答:没有,男人去地干活了。 - Re: 汉字中的妇女歧视 Sexism in Chineseposted on 04/14/2009
我最近发现男权制度从进化的角度上说是很合理的。
为了争夺雌性这个宝贵的生育资源,雄性动物要:1。让尽量多的雌性为自己生育后
代。2。尽量保证她们不为其他雄性生育后代。
所以雌性都必须关起来,不能和其他雄性接触。关起来总得找个理由吧,所以就---男
尊女卑。 - posted on 04/14/2009
That's exactly why women should make man a slave, not a master, let alone a king. Can you see my point here? :)
tar wrote:
ben ben, I don't know. Even though the producers of the show are probably pretty progressive, they still made jealous women the driving force of the story line. ;-) There are some pretty gruesome scenes involving Octavian's mother and Brutus' mother all seeking Caesar's attention, for different reasons. (By the way, the slave gift exchange was between the two women if I am not mistaken.)
老廖,还是老当益壮?;-) Performing under pressure is pretty stressful.
Maya, are you talking about Guccione's X-rated Caligula? I like that one too.
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