Muslims on Friday, Jews on Saturday and Christian on Sunday
在托雷多那会儿,街走累了,走到城西南边的一座小寺院。我说寺院,是因为这地
方既是Mosque,又是Synagogue,当然又是Church。庭院古雅清静,边上一座小
门市部,卖瓷砖木剑图书贺卡等纪念品。
寺院现在名字叫Sinagoga Santa Maria La Blanca,地处托雷多犹太区。
清朗洁白的墙,墙柱,古刻饰,迎面是十字架,天顶环拱有如天鹅绒般的扇贝图饰,
屋梁上镶有大卫之星,脱落残剩的希伯莱字。我去的时候墙上有许多贴图,有天主
教的修女募捐,说是三教合一之地。
本来去过了早已经淡忘,毕竟太多后来修补的东西。印象中,只是墙面与墙柱的白,
一尘不染。
偶尔翻书翻到题头几句话,又唤醒了我对托雷多的记忆。前面写西班牙,几乎都是
安达卢西亚,托雷多除了两把宝剑,未多着笔。现在把这座白寺的观感前因后续一
下,也是让自己加深一点印象。
There were periods of great tolerance: in the thirteeth century,
one church in Toledo was used by Muslims on Friday, Jews on Saturday
and Christians on Sunday. Intolerance was only just below the
surface, however, and any disaster, plague or defeat in war, could
result in violent attacks, often orchestrated by the church.
这教堂总算让我撞着了。。。
Sinagoga Santa Maria La Blanca
To be continued...
- posted on 02/23/2010
In the Name of Allah, Most Gracious, Most Merciful.
聚礼日(主麻):
Friday is the best day of the week. http://islam1.org/khutub/GEN26.html
Muslims are supposed to do the following on Fridays:
1.Men are obligated to participate in Friday Prayer.
2.It is also recommended to increase supplication especially at the last hour of the day
3.It is encouraged to wish peace be upon prophet Muhammad (P.B.U.H.) during Fridays and Friday’s night
4.It is also recommended that Muslims recite surat Al-Kahf,
5.It is also recommended that Muslims clean and wash themselves and make sure they smell nice when they attend Friday Prayers.
6.It is important to come early to the Friday prayer.
聚礼日由来及其主命性
http://hi.baidu.com/13639966396/blog/item/cff643d9599ac82811df9b12.html
太阳照耀的最好的日子就是聚礼日,真主在聚礼日造化了阿丹,在聚礼日让阿丹进入
了乐园,在聚礼日将他撵出了乐园,后世成立的时候也是在聚礼日。 - posted on 02/23/2010
星期六是犹太人的安息日(Sabbath),犹太人的规矩多,不说塔木儿,就安息日的
规矩就吓死你。如果说讲条件,犹太教最讲条件的了。事实上犹太人安息日是从周
五晚太阳落山算起,一直到周六日落。这段时间内,严格说是不许作生意的。不开
车,不坐船,不乘飞机,有的甚至电视也不许。记得有一次周五晚开车过大桥,交
通堵得一踏糊涂,开了一小时后才发现,有几个犹太人过桥,前后都有卡车护送,
四条道的桥面堵了两道,又值下班高峰。。。犹太教徒安息日是走路上教堂,在美
国高速路上走当然不方便,但犹太人的规矩就是守得硬。谁让美国文化金融教育外
交各行当的基本结构都是犹太人开拓的呢?
安息日的犹太人多穿着黑素,一家人总是要上教堂,或闭门思过。安息日这个传统
相当好,既使是穆斯林的周五,基督徒的礼拜天都不脱安息日的影响。或者更广义
说,也是一种安息日。现代人忙,总用很短视的方式看待宗教,其实宗教规仪于人
身修养是密切关联的。一般人家教有限,社会又照顾不及,学校只注重智育体育科
学知识型的教育,举止规仪呢?心灵、伦理道德,哪怕是“性”的教育都显不够。
Sabbath Prohibitions
The restrictions on work are more strict for the Sabbath than for other holidays that
prohibit work. Leviticus 23:3 commands the Jews to "do no manner of work" on the
Sabbath, whereas Leviticus 23:7 requires them to "do no manner of servile work" on
the festivals. The general interpretation of the latter is that work can be done on the
festivals if it contributes to the enjoyment of the festival and could not have been
done beforehand. Thus baking bread or grinding fresh coffee is allowed on the
festivals, but not on the Sabbath.
The rabbis who wrote the Talmud established 39 categories of work that cannot be
performed on the Sabbath according to the Hebrew Bible. These include cooking,
washing clothes, constructing, repairing, writing, making a fire, cutting, fishing, and
so on. They also added several other activities that could lead to violating the
Sabbath - for instance, one should not climb a tree on the Sabbath to avoid breaking
a twig and violating the rule not to cut.
Over the last century, rabbis have had to figure out how to apply the ancient laws to
modern inventions. They have decided that, for instance, one cannot drive on the
Sabbath because it involves both moving an object and igniting the fuel, both of
which are prohibited. Because Jews attend synagogue services on the Sabbath, this
explains why Jewish communities are often clustered in a small area and within
walking distance of a synagogue.
As with all other aspects of Jewish law, different Jews observe the Sabbath
prohibitions to different degrees. While Orthodox Jews often set their lights on timers
and unscrew the lightbulbs in their refrigerators on the Sabbath, most Conservative
Jews wouldn't worry about lights and feel comfortable driving to the synagogue as
well. Many Reform Jews ignore the restrictions entirely, but might try to attend the
Friday night Sabbath service.
The Sabbath restrictions do not prohibit everything that takes effort. On the
contrary, Jews are encouraged to play games, take a stroll, study the Torah, sing,
attend lectures, or make love with their spouse on the Sabbath. It is work that is
forbidden on the Sabbath - play is encouraged.
http://www.religionfacts.com/judaism/holidays/shabbat.htm
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