大不里士
整座城都包括在一张织毯上 -卡尔维诺
一座生长在地毯上的城市
城市的街巷内铺挂满了织毯
织毯的款式却大不一样
象来往的行人的装束一样
城堡内一张古萨伐维猎毯
一队王公逐鹿于鲜花间
商场中游牧毯、丝绸毯精呈
大不里士旋花毯令人目瞪
市场上的人们操各种口音
高加索的牧民,库尔德的士兵
一家亚美尼亚人的小理发店
就开在香料柜台的街对面
孜然、胡椒、肉桂和丁香
混着乳香、檀香、安息香和沉香
店里间有位土库曼姑娘
她的一双眼睛把满屋照亮
她从远方来到这座城市
一张未织成的壁毯紧随在身旁
毯面上是她的心血和成长
城里的新鲜还要赶着织上
清真塔传过来宣祷的声响
走进来几位赶祷的阿赛拜疆
他们脱下厚皮边的毡帽
铺开了洁净的卑路支祷毯
罗尔人拉嗓门敲着精铜器
乘午祷的时辰引人留意
餐馆披白巾的阿富汗小伙们
在窗口探着头把客人偷趣
丝绸坊的公子催人来说媒
珐琅店、珠宝商也不再彷徨
姑娘家一直是沉默不语
她还没有赶织好她的嫁妆
城南花园中的石榴和樱桃
蓝湖、蓝寺和蓝砖花纹
再织两只黄公鸡,两条黑狗
和天空上一群洁白的绵羊
一座生长在绿洲上的城市
城市的四周是黄沙戈壁
来了一位勤劳美丽的纺织娘
把一座城市织在了牧毯上
2003/04/28
==============================
读卡尔维诺《看不见的城市》,总想寻找那一座一切都包括在
织毯中的城。波斯纪行终于遇到了一座相仿的城市-大不里士
。这是一座伊朗西北部靠近高加索和土尔其边界的城,一个关
于织毯的城。如果说波斯是一个织毯的国家,这城就是织毯中
的织毯。
此篇是波斯纪行第二篇,应放在《塔自耶》前面。本不应如此
匆匆拿出来,只因赶一个日子。又应玛雅的要求添此后记。
*******************
大不里士 Tabriz
萨伐维 Safavid
猎毯 Hunter mat
祷毯 Kilim or prayer mat
卑路支 Baluchi
牧毯 Gabbeh
旋花毯 Tabriz flower carpet: (intricate flowers and tendrils circled).
- 谢xwposted on 04/29/2003
针针线线,密密层层
哪里来的绣娘她不说话
该说的话都悄悄缝在壁毯上
求天求地许给她个好人家 - Re: 谢xwposted on 04/29/2003
当哈德良皇帝和布什的军队
在同一天越过幼发拉底河
年轻而古老的桥上扬起风沙
人们说,你的编年史错误百出
我说,文字就是沙粒值得堪查
这一天的黄昏战士陈骨杀场
这一天新娘的血流过边疆
落日孤漠,废墟迎来宫殿的节日
象形的花朵缠绕着玫瑰的音乐
一座方尖碑记录了他们的誓言
a poem with classic rhythm that copy from mr xw's poetry style - posted on 04/30/2003
The stanza structure of this lyric, which loosely patterns a rhythmic formation of xyaa and, occasionally, aabb, is a skillful choice for depicting this kaleidoscopic landscape. Ideally, each stanza would function as a independent module or bead, while at the same time, following the string of the poetic narration, connecting to the preceding and following stanzas. The much famed Fitzgerald's version of Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam could be used as a good model for the further refinement of the present stanza structure and functionality, despite the noticeable differences here and there. The rubaiyat also uses the four-line structure, although it adopts a much more restrictive, yet highly rhythmic, pattern of aaba. In many ways, it resembles the classic Chinese poetic style of Qi1 Jue2. Although there is probably no apparent nor inherent connection between the rubaiyatical style or its progeny, and its adequacy in portraying life in ancient Arabic or Persian culture, a stanza thus structured, when used to recapture a moment in the remote past in that culture, does have a rich poetic connotation that resonates well the reader. - posted on 05/01/2003
Thank you very much for the detailed comments and suggestion.
Fitzgerald's rubaiyat is always my favorite reading, but it isn't
easy to form epic style.<quatrain> Sometimes I feel Fodowsi's couplet is more appropriete
here. Actually Persian poets all have their own styles. I did 'Paralyzed
Heart' to follow Hafez' lines. Actually Sadi's writing, his Rose-Garden(Gulistan) is
definitely my favorite. I will write a set of poems about Persepolis and
Pasargadae follow Gulistan style.
Bai2Ju1Yi4's epics also follow couplets. But too strict
writing will make the poem short. That's Qi1Lv4.
I am learning from all those masters, it's a great resources of eastern
poetry, another should be in India.
Thanks again for your reply ! - posted on 06/25/2008
今天核对马可波罗地名,学到不少语言上的趣味。
想起了这首旧诗。我跟图书馆老外说,什么地名都好核对,就是中国
地名,那南腔北调,从汉语到蒙语到波斯语到拉丁语到英语,折腾成
什么样。不过,大不里士(Tabriz)也是Tauris折腾出来的,金牛座?
又想到这首生辰诗,
Iphigenia at Tauris, Iphigenia [ iˌfidʒi'naiə ] n. Agamemnon之
女, 险被其父供神而牺牲 Tauri [ 'tɔ:rai ] Taurus的所有格...
顶起来干什么呢?给浮生祝个福!
&
诗中有一个错字,“偷趣”应该是“偷觑”。
xw wrote:
大不里士
罗尔人拉嗓门敲着精铜器
乘午祷的时辰引人留意
餐馆披白巾的阿富汗小伙们
在窗口探着头把客人偷趣
- Re: 波斯纪行:大不里士posted on 06/25/2008
多谢xw :)
哎,现在美国护照去伊朗要跟团必须follow事先定好的路线,比西藏有过之无不及了,明摆着不让人去嘛,还是中国护照好啊。 - Re: 波斯纪行:大不里士posted on 06/25/2008
真巧今天还想问你到伊朗的事情。 你说过在伊朗还是伊拉克,local的机票才十来美金? 现在国际机票好贵。想去伊朗看看。 - Re: 波斯纪行:大不里士posted on 06/25/2008
是伊朗,从伊斯法罕到色拉子。我当时是路过售票处,偶尔一问,吃
惊。照理是不该坐飞机的,坐一回见识见识。
现在美元贬值,估计会有些变化,但在汉堡王与麦当劳的美食大旗占
据波斯高原之前,伊朗是值得一去的,难得时与地!
照理是不该坐飞机的,以后呢,戒行稍宽,不东飞就行。
&
回浮生,跟团也没什么坏,便宜是拿不到,但一般去伊朗的团估计白
丁不会多,宗教人种人类语言学家教授之类的肯定不少。
值得一同行的。 - posted on 06/26/2008
今天细读,非常喜欢xw的这首诗,绵密鲜活,除了大不里士这个译名,不过知道不是你的翻译,地名里用“不“字怎么都不好看。
原来Kilim是祷毯的意思,以前只知是不打结的双面毯,和祷毯什么渊源,便宜?记得xw以前提到过gabbah和carpet的关系。
Tabriz的人主要是Azeri了,和伊朗人长的能看出差别么?以前去查过Azeri人的来历,也高加索也伊朗——
Although genetic testing proves the Turkification of the region rather than the Azeris being descendants of migrants from Central Asia, it also shows that the region is a mixed one. Though the population of Azerbaijan is culturally diverse, genetic testing has revealed common genetic markers that support an autochthonous background for most Azeris.
A 2003 study found that: "Y-chromosome haplogroups indicate that Indo-European-speaking Armenians and Turkic-speaking Azerbaijanians from the republic are genetically more closely related to their geographic neighbors in the Caucasus than to their linguistic neighbors elsewhere." The authors of this study suggest that this indicates a language replacement of indigenous Caucasian peoples. There is evidence of limited genetic admixture derived from Central Asians (specifically Haplogroup H12), notably the Turkmen, that is higher than that of their neighbors, the Georgians and Armenians.
MtDNA analysis indicates that the main relationship with Iranians is through a larger West Eurasian group that is secondary to that of the Caucasus, according to a study that did not include Azeris, but Georgians who have clustered with Azeris in other studies. The conclusion from the testing shows that the Azeris of the republic are a mixed population with relationships, in order of greatest similarity, with the Caucasus, Iranians and Near Easterners, Europeans, and Turkmen.
Other genetic analysis of mtDNA and Y-chromosomes indicates that Caucasian populations are genetically intermediate between Europeans and Near Easterners, but that they are more closely related to Near Easterners overall. Another study, conducted in 2003 by the Russian Journal of Genetics, compared Iranians in Azerbaijan (the Talysh and Tats) with Turkic Azerbaijanis and found that,
“ the genetic structure of the populations examined with the other Iranian-speaking populations (Persians and Kurds from Iran, Ossetins, and Tajiks) and Azerbaijanis showed that Iranian-speaking populations from Azerbaijan were more close to Azerbaijanis, than to Iranian-speaking populations inhabiting other world regions.
Whether originally Iranian or Caucasian, it is relatively certain and accepted by most scholars that Azeris are not descendants of Turkic tribes, although they have certainly been affected by them.
Genetic testing has also revealed Iranian Azeris to group more with other Iranian peoples while Azeris from the Republic of Azerbaijan group more with Caucasian peoples.
-- From wiki
According to Encyclopedia Britannica:
The Azerbaijani are of mixed ethnic origin, the oldest element deriving from the indigenous population of eastern Transcaucasia and possibly from the Medians of northern Persia. This population was Persianized during the period of the Sasanian dynasty of Iran (3rd–7th century AD), but, after the region's conquest by the Seljuq Turks in the 11th century, the inhabitants were Turkicized, and further Turkicization of the population occurred in the ensuing centuries. - posted on 06/26/2008
Very interesting. just 2 days ago, My son (6th grader)was doing his GeoBee practice questions. One of question was" which country has largest population of Azeris than Azerbaijan" He answered "Turkey". The correct answer is"Iran"http://www.nationalgeographic.com/geobee/
Then we checked wiki for Azeris. did not read into DNA info.
"The Azerbaijanis are an ethnic group mainly in the Republic of Azerbaijan and northwestern Iran. Commonly referred to as Azeris (Azeri: آذریلر Azәrilәr) or Āzarīs (Persian: آذری ), they also live in a wider area from the Caucasus to the Iranian plateau. The Azeris are typically Muslim and have a mixed cultural heritage of Turkic, Iranian, and Caucasian elements."
I will showed him this article. not sure how much he will understand.
浮生 wrote:
Tabriz的人主要是Azeri了,和伊朗人长的能看出差别么?以前去查过Azeri人的来历,也高加索也伊朗——
- Re: 波斯纪行:大不里士posted on 06/26/2008
caoye wrote:
http://www.nationalgeographic.com/geobee/
today's: 5/10
yesterday's: 8/10
two days ago: 7/10
加一起才刚及格,555。。。
- posted on 06/27/2008
My son's score:
today:9/10, He dispute with me about that, he said it should
be 9.5/10
yesterday:9/10
the day before yesterday: 7/10
浮生 wrote:
caoye wrote:today's: 5/10
http://www.nationalgeographic.com/geobee/
yesterday's: 8/10
two days ago: 7/10
加一起才刚及格,555。。。
- posted on 06/30/2008
今天得知玛雅要去伊朗,果然爽快!
浮生 wrote:
今天细读,非常喜欢xw的这首诗,绵密鲜活,除了大不里士这个译名,不过知道不是你的翻译,地名里用“不“字怎么都不好看。
不是,是标准地图上的译名,我以为尚可。我查过一些老一些的地图
,也都是这个译名。
原来Kilim是祷毯的意思,以前只知是不打结的双面毯,和祷毯什么渊源,便宜?记得xw以前提到过gabbah和carpet的关系。
德语里Kilim就是地毯。我当时也这么听说的,现在好象都叫Prayer
Mat了。具体我也不知道渊源。Gabbah倒是一种牧毯,化成Carpet
也就广义了。这些都是语言发展中的趣味,值得细思:-)
Tabriz的人主要是Azeri了,和伊朗人长的能看出差别么?以前去查过Azeri人的来历,也高加索也伊朗——
长相的区别恐怕比不上服饰与生活习俗上的区别。
The Azaris
The Azaris are realted to the Turks, but they are divided by religion. The Iranian Azaris are almost entirely Shi'ite, whereas the Turks are predominantly Sunni. But all Azaris, whether in Iran, Turkey or the independent republic of Azerbaijan to the ornth, are united by the language of Azari, a tongue descended many centuries ago from Anatolian Turkish, but now a language in its own right.
Older Azari men traditionally wear brimmed felt hats, and Tabriz, the main town of the region, is one of the few places in Iran where it is not uncommon to see men wearing ties, still branded un-Islamic and un-Iranian by the central authorities.
After a few years of bad relations, following the Islamic Revolution in Iran, there is now more contact with the republic of Azerbaijan, though private visits by Azaris in either direction are still limited, and have been restricted by border closures in the past...Lonely Planet, Iran, 1998
这回看《蒙古人远征记》,对哈萨克土库曼等中亚民族的成因有些了
悟。阿赛拜疆够古老,燃灯能否多说说?
Tabriz was the capital of Azarbayjan in the 3rd century AD and again under
the Mongol dynasty(1220-1380). Plus, short period capital for Safavids.
Although genetic testing proves the Turkification of the region rather than the Azeris being descendants of migrants from Central Asia, it also shows that the region is a mixed one. Though the population of Azerbaijan is culturally diverse, genetic testing has revealed common genetic markers that support an autochthonous background for most Azeris.
A 2003 study found that: "Y-chromosome haplogroups indicate that Indo-European-speaking Armenians and Turkic-speaking Azerbaijanians from the republic are genetically more closely related to their geographic neighbors in the Caucasus than to their linguistic neighbors elsewhere." The authors of this study suggest that this indicates a language replacement of indigenous Caucasian peoples. There is evidence of limited genetic admixture derived from Central Asians (specifically Haplogroup H12), notably the Turkmen, that is higher than that of their neighbors, the Georgians and Armenians.
MtDNA analysis indicates that the main relationship with Iranians is through a larger West Eurasian group that is secondary to that of the Caucasus, according to a study that did not include Azeris, but Georgians who have clustered with Azeris in other studies. The conclusion from the testing shows that the Azeris of the republic are a mixed population with relationships, in order of greatest similarity, with the Caucasus, Iranians and Near Easterners, Europeans, and Turkmen.
Other genetic analysis of mtDNA and Y-chromosomes indicates that Caucasian populations are genetically intermediate between Europeans and Near Easterners, but that they are more closely related to Near Easterners overall. Another study, conducted in 2003 by the Russian Journal of Genetics, compared Iranians in Azerbaijan (the Talysh and Tats) with Turkic Azerbaijanis and found that,
“ the genetic structure of the populations examined with the other Iranian-speaking populations (Persians and Kurds from Iran, Ossetins, and Tajiks) and Azerbaijanis showed that Iranian-speaking populations from Azerbaijan were more close to Azerbaijanis, than to Iranian-speaking populations inhabiting other world regions.
Whether originally Iranian or Caucasian, it is relatively certain and accepted by most scholars that Azeris are not descendants of Turkic tribes, although they have certainly been affected by them.
Genetic testing has also revealed Iranian Azeris to group more with other Iranian peoples while Azeris from the Republic of Azerbaijan group more with Caucasian peoples.
-- From wiki
According to Encyclopedia Britannica:
The Azerbaijani are of mixed ethnic origin, the oldest element deriving from the indigenous population of eastern Transcaucasia and possibly from the Medians of northern Persia. This population was Persianized during the period of the Sasanian dynasty of Iran (3rd–7th century AD), but, after the region's conquest by the Seljuq Turks in the 11th century, the inhabitants were Turkicized, and further Turkicization of the population occurred in the ensuing centuries. - posted on 06/30/2008
Wow,玛雅真的要去拉,羡慕ing。
xw wrote:
The Azaris
The Azaris are realted to the Turks, but they are divided by religion.
这句话就misleading了,好像Azaris和Turks更近似的。xw你若细读我转的,他们和Turks的关系更多是被突厥化。当然血缘也有的,在Y里,嘿嘿,Turks是征服者嘛。拜火教也很早就在那片地方,甚至有说起源那里,燃灯肯定知道更多。
另外草叶,我找到这个http://geobeecentral.com/new_read.php?id=infinitia_quiz , 可能你儿子早知道,有无穷多的geobee的题目。 - Re: 波斯纪行:大不里士posted on 07/01/2008
浮生,
谢谢
喇痢头儿子很喜欢那林克, 一口气作了快一百道题, 他说好处是有分类题和分难度。 他选他弱的项-economic, language专门练习。 我就跟在后面拣一点牙慧。
另外草叶,我找到这个http://geobeecentral.com/new_read.php?id=infinitia_quiz , 可能你儿子早知道,有无穷多的geobee的题目。
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