K, 简称"克",全名 Jiddu Krishnamurti, 中文翻译为克里希那穆提, 1895年生于印度Madanapalle,1986年卒于美国加州Ojai。 A writer, a philosophical thinker, an inspirational speaker, a world teacher (Messiah) moulded from outside of his own will.
以下既非转贴,也非原创,是阅读几本书籍和网站后的材料整理,具有明显个人取舍倾向,阅读级别推荐PG-13 : ))
- posted on 10/14/2007
A Brief Krishnamurti Chronology (major milestones and related personnel background)
1895, K was born into a Telugu Brahmin family of 8 children. His mother, said to be a psychic who could see people's auras, insisted her eighth child was to be a rare and special human being. She died when K was 10, and his father was hired two years later as secretary by Theosophical Society (TS), then headquartered in Madras (now Chennai), India, which welcomed people from all religions.
According to the tenets of Hindu Orthodoxy, Brahmin were those who had arrived, through the law of karma, at the last and highest stratum of spiritual evolution, however this status had no guarantee of financial security, as Brahmin represented a spiritual rather than material elite.
Theosophy literally means "divine wisdom", which has links with philosophical schools that date back to antiquity. Pythagoras' sixth century BC religious community at Croton, in southern Italy, is said to have embodied theosophical ideals, which later influenced the work of Plato. At the root of theosophy lies the conviction that everything, manifested and unmanifested, created and uncreated, devine or material, emanates from a state of unity, transcendent reality, or godhead, is accessible to physical man through a process of mystical realisation, or union, and it is only within the experience of this unity that true wisdom is to be found. During the course of western civilization, adherents of such radical spiritual ideas have tended to compile their speculations and conduct their experiments in secret, to avoid persecution from the established religions.
The TS was found in 1875 in New York with three objectives:
1. To form a nucleus of a universal brotherhood of humanity, without distinction of race, creed, sex, caste or color;
2. To study comparative religions, philosophies and sciences
3. To investigate the unexplained laws of nature and the psychical powers latent in man.
- posted on 10/14/2007
1909, K's family moved to Chennai, India. At age of 14, the exact point of transition between childhood magic and adult judgment, K was found on the beach at the Bay of Bengal, by Charles Webster Leadbeater (CWL), a larger than life and long-standing leader of the TS at the time. In CWL's eyes, the child appeared to be surrounded by an etheric subtance of gorgeous luminescence, the size and purity of which he was profoundly struck. K was described also as scrawny and undernourished, who seemed hardly aware of his companion's excitement, but turned away in a daydream, his mouth hanging open in a moronic expression.
During the course of the next few weeks CWL invited K and his brother Nitya (Nityananda) for regular interviews – awkward, one-sided affairs, as the boys stood tongue-tied in front of the formidable Englishman, understanding little of what he said.
K early came to depend on Nitya, three years his junior, who seemed to possess everything that K lacked – intelligenct, alert, full of humour, Nitya impressed and charmed his teachers, thus throwing his older brother's deficiencies into even stronger relief.
K and CWL - Re: 【人物笔记】 Jiddu Krishnamurtiposted on 10/14/2007
胡因梦好像就在研究这个老头。 - Re: 【人物笔记】 Jiddu Krishnamurtiposted on 10/14/2007
qinggang wrote:
胡因梦好像就在研究这个老头。
the legendary Beauty Hu? do you have her email then? :) - posted on 10/17/2007
1911, Annie Besant, then president of the TS, spirited K and his brother Nitya out of India to London, England, for she couldn't stress more how important an Oxford education would be for the future of the boys. Besant's view was that K should be groomed as a commonwealth figure; and it was K's role to present the most sacred elements of oriental wisdom on an occidental platform, thereby bridging east and west, Hindu and Christian.
Although Annie Besant was brought up as a devout Christian, she began to question the fundamentals of Christian faith along with a growing crowd of ninetenth-century dissenters. She emerged as a leading light in the world of Free Thought, faminism and political radicalism. She was the first woman to make public statements on the issue of contraception, and her work in the area of birth control led to her being tried in 1877 for attempting to currupt the nation's morals.
The central of Theosophical doctrine was especially appealing to Annie Besant that, a person's actions in this life affect his or her opportunity for upliftment in the next – a cyclical path of spiritual improvement leading ultimately to Adeptship and nirvana. The corroborated Besant's conviction that evolution was not just a physical progression (along with lines of Darwin), but also a spiritual, and thus social one as well.
As minkind passed through multiple lives to achieve perfection, pain and suffering would evaporate, to be replaced by philadelphian unity. This was human equality, this was freedom from a vengeful God-Figure, this was the modern science of evolution, this was the dignity of man endorsed by natural law.
Back in the summer of 1895, Annie Besant and CWL formed the partnership that would dominate Theosophy until the mid-1930s. On the personal front, she was believed by some to be the lover of Irish playwright George Bernard Shaw. Also between her and K, a respectful lifetime affection was developed, which herself proclaimed to be as old as the hills – order, indeed. Also she was habitually addressed by K and Nitya as "Mother" or "Amma mine".
The Order of Star in the East (OSE) was established by Besant, in the same year of 1911, to gather into one body those who, within and without the Theosophical Society, look for the coming of the world teacher, and would fain share in the glorious privilege of preparing the Way of Lord.
- posted on 10/17/2007
1916, throughout this year both boys worked hard to pass their entrance examinations. Nitya had little difficulty, but K's hope were dwindling. Both Oxford and Cambridge were out of the question. In addition to his academic weakness, it must have been difficult for conservative universities to consider accepting an Indian boy who had been trumpeted around the world as the coming Messiah!
K was hardly typical of the sort of child usually drawn into the TS cricle. Scrawny, vacant and humourless, he was invariably outshone by his younger brother Nitya. He possessed an innate personal magnetism, not of a warm physical variety, but none the less emotive in its austeristy, and inclined to inspire veneration. Observers throughout his life noted its effect, and labelled it in a number of ways, most frequently "benediction". As far as CWL is concerned, the most important attribute K possessed was emptiness, which offered opportunity to conduct the crowning experiment: a blank sheet, apparently without a will of his own, pliable and passive, perfect material to be shaped and programmed.
Speaking of himself in the third person as he often did, K himself recounted that: "And this boy, neither worsip, nor flattery, nor crowds --- nothing seemed to touch him. So – he was vague, moronic, perhaps that's not the word, but enough to describe a boy who was absolutely vacant. He would tell everybody: "I will do whatever you want." That used to be his favorite phrase.
Two years later acceptance to University of London was extended to Nitya but not K, who then spent additional 8 months yet to only find himself in another desperate failure. Nearly half century later during one of his taped interviews, again, K referred to himself in the third person: "He did fairly well in school as long as he was left alone, but the moment he had to pass an examination, he couldn't put a thing on paper. He would go to the examination hall and look at the clock and blank. Nothing happened."
K's apparent lack of intellect became the source of some embarrassing qestions from OSE members. In defence of her protégé, Besant always could refer to the intuitive faculty rather than book-learning intellect; and CWL had for years been declaring that spiritually superior individuals are "ever looking upwards" rather than focussing on material achievement.
K and Nitya - Re: 【人物笔记】 Jiddu Krishnamurtiposted on 10/17/2007
不知老哇为何对这红头阿三感起兴趣来了。能否用中文解释几句?不是因为窗外的牛屁股望腻了吧?;) - Re: 【人物笔记】 Jiddu Krishnamurtiposted on 10/17/2007
touche wrote:
不知老哇为何对这红头阿三感起兴趣来了。能否用中文解释几句?不是因为窗外的牛屁股望腻了吧?;)
准备再整理几小节,直到他公开放弃TS组织为止,到时侯写个一百字的操行评语:) - posted on 10/19/2007
Lady Emily, short for Lady Emily Lutyens, married to the rising star of British architecture Edwin Lutyens, has been a major female figure in K's early life in England along side Annie Besant. A retiring woman 20 year senior of K, a wife with 13 year marriage, a mother of 5 children, Lady Emily had been intensely boren by ordinary social life and thus was desperately searching for some satisfying occupation to stimulate her emotional and intellectual needs.
The World Teacher Program eclipsed any consideration of the boys' happiness, and everyone, with the exception of Lady Emily, was blind to the quiet confusion of K's private world. When K was beginning to feel a little revolt against being the head of the OSE, Lady Emily was a very great solace to him in his passing through a very difficult state of revoltaganist being made the head of something nad talked about in such a manner that all kinds of people who he'd never met were calling him "our beloved head" and so on.
He was an outsider, first and foremost because of his skin colour; he had been severed from his family, culture and caste, only to be enshrined as the leader of a new, non-specific religion in a predominantly Christian, conservative country.
The relationship between K and Lady Emily, "a very curious one" as laballeld by Besant, blossomed of its own accord in spite of the artificial environment imposed on him, and was one of the few natural episodes of his early life. She immediately identified his inner pain and helplessness, and longed to enfold him into bosom of her family. "I was naver really happy away from K" she worte, "My husband, my home, my children faded into the background; K became my entire life, and for the next ten years I suffered all the difficulties of trying to sublimate a human love." In pursuit of this sublimation she imposed a number of strictures, including the renunciation of sexual relations.
- posted on 10/21/2007
谢谢WOA介绍。这个 Krishnamurti 看照片就是非常有智慧的。还有吗?
Theosophical Society 挺有意思的。作曲家 Scriabin 就是一个 theosophist(我正在学习他的一个曲子)。
At the root of theosophy lies the conviction that everything, manifested and unmanifested, created and uncreated, divine or material, emanates from a state of unity, transcendent reality, or godhead, is accessible to physical man through a process of mystical realisztion, or union, and it is only within the experience of this unity that true wisdom is to be found.
他好象出过不少书?有什么能介绍一下吗?
- Re: 【人物笔记】 Jiddu Krishnamurtiposted on 04/17/2009
今天读到Civil Rights Activist and Actress - Mary Taylor Zimbalist的故事,她出生于纽约的富豪之家, 早年是著名的模特和演员, 后来嫁给Sam Zimbalist,他是当年MGM的制片大腕, 最有名的电影是59年奥斯卡奖的Ben Hur,他因拍这个电影心肌梗塞死于现场,Mary Taylor 替丈夫领的奖。 后来就认识了Jiddu Krishnamurti,做他的助手, 帮助他建立管理学校,两人是soul mate. - Re: 【人物笔记】 Jiddu Krishnamurtiposted on 04/17/2009
嗨,七月把这个老古董翻出来,原来又有瘦妹了? 他和那个Lady Emily当时就不太说得清,也不好说:))
阿姗,我对这帮人的看法,开始觉得很神圣,后来觉得谜团很多。他们首先是以组织形式发展,然后才是信仰,后来K又宣布退党,只接受“World Teacher”的称呼.....可能再等五十年可以澄清:)
- Re: 【人物笔记】 Jiddu Krishnamurtiposted on 04/17/2009
我也曾经很迷克氏的哲学,看的是胡茵梦的中文译本,初读有醍醐灌顶之感,后来
也产生过跟老瓦类似的疑虑。且看。
老瓦 wrote:
嗨,七月把这个老古董翻出来,原来又有瘦妹了? 他和那个Lady Emily当时就不太说得清,也不好说:))
阿姗,我对这帮人的看法,开始觉得很神圣,后来觉得谜团很多。他们首先是以组织形式发展,然后才是信仰,后来K又宣布退党,只接受“World Teacher”的称呼.....可能再等五十年可以澄清:)
- RE: 【人物笔记】 Jiddu Krishnamurtiposted on 02/04/2016
Reply WOAti,这是个非常出色的瑜伽思想传播者,老友John T曾听过他临终前的最后几课。他传道的地方Ojai是new age的人常聚会的地方,去参加过几次他们的活动。
- RE: 【人物笔记】 Jiddu Krishnamurtiposted on 02/05/2016
Reply #13 巴黎雪初读有醍醐灌顶之感,后来也产生过跟老瓦类似的疑虑。------ 为什么呢?
撇开他与Lady Emily关系,以及先是以组织信仰后又退党等等外在形式,理论上好像看不出有自相矛盾之处?
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