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A new biography looks at a crucial time in the life of the master of spiritual desolation. By Michael Dirda Sunday, November 27, 2005; BW15 KAFKA The Decisive Years By Reiner Stach Translated from the German by Shelley Frisch Harcourt. 581 pp. $35 Like Pascal, Kierkegaard and Baudelaire, Franz Kafka (1883- 1924) is one of the great masters of spiritual desolation. We don't actually read his work, we are harrowed by it. In German of classical directness and purity, this desk functi

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